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docs(i2s): add application notes to es7210 example

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examples/peripherals/i2s/i2s_codec/i2s_es7210_tdm/README.md
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
(See the README.md file in the upper level 'examples' directory for more information about examples.)
I2S on `ESP32S3` and `ESP32C3` supports [TDM mode](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32s3/api-reference/peripherals/i2s.html#tdm-mode), in which multiple slots can be transmitted by standard I2S connection.
The targets that listed on the top support [TDM mode](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32s3/api-reference/peripherals/i2s.html#tdm-mode), in which multiple slots can be transmitted by standard I2S connection.
This example demonstrates how to use I2S TDM mode to record 4 MICs connected to [ES7210](http://www.everest-semi.com/pdf/ES7210%20PB.pdf) codec. ES7210 has 4 TDM modes, which are `ES7210_I2S_FMT_I2S` `ES7210_I2S_FMT_LJ` `ES7210_I2S_FMT_DSP_A` and `ES7210_I2S_FMT_DSP_B`, and they are all supported by I2S TDM driver. Relation between ES7210 TDM modes and I2S Driver TDM modes is shown in the following table.
@ -91,6 +91,63 @@ I (10431) gpio: GPIO[4]| InputEn: 1| OutputEn: 0| OpenDrain: 0| Pullup: 0| Pulld
I (10431) example: You can now safely remove the card, recorded file is /RECORD.WAV
```
## Application Notes
TDM mode is widely used in multi-channel scenario. Some ADC/DAC (e.g., ES7210 and ES7243) that supports TDM can be cascaded to sample more channels synchronously.
Take ES7210 for example, it is a 4-channel audio ADC that supports TDM. And we can chain upto four ES7210 to form a 16-channel recorder, meanwhile it only needs one I2S port.
You can refer to the connection as follow:
```
┌───────────────┐
│ ESP │
│ │
│ MCLK ├───────────┬──────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────┐
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ BCLK ├────────┬──┼───────────────────────────┬──┼───────────────────────────┬──┼───────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ WS ├─────┬──┼──┼────────────────────────┬──┼──┼────────────────────────┬──┼──┼────────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ DOUT │ │ │ │ ┌───────────────┐ │ │ │ ┌───────────────┐ │ │ │ ┌───────────────┐ │ │ │ ┌───────────────┐
│ │ │ │ │ │ ES7210_0 │ │ │ │ │ ES7210_1 │ │ │ │ │ ES7210_2 │ │ │ │ │ ES7210_3 │
│ DIN │◄─┐ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
└───────────────┘ │ │ │ └───►│ MCLK │ │ │ └───►│ MCLK │ │ │ └───►│ MCLK │ │ │ └───►│ MCLK │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ └──────►│ SCLK │ │ └──────►│ SCLK │ │ └──────►│ SCLK │ │ └──────►│ SCLK │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ └─────────►│ LRCK │ └─────────►│ LRCK │ └─────────►│ LRCK │ └─────────►│ LRCK │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
└─────────────┤ TDMOUT │ ┌──────────┤ TDMOUT │ ┌──────────┤ TDMOUT │ ┌──────────┤ TDMOUT │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
┌───►│ TDMIN │ │ ┌───►│ TDMIN │ │ ┌───►│ TDMIN │ │ │ TDMIN │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ └───────────────┘ │ │ └───────────────┘ │ │ └───────────────┘ │ └───────────────┘
│ │ │ │ │ │
└────────────────────────┘ └────────────────────────┘ └────────────────────────┘
```
### How A Frame Formed in This Cascaded Case
Generally, all the ES7210 will send the data that sampled by itself at the beginning of a frame, and then catenate the backward ES7210 data behind. In another word, ES7210_0 will send the data in the order ES7210_0 -> ES7210_1 -> ES7210_2 -> ES7210_3.
See the detailed steps as follows:
1. First 4 channels of the 16 channels:
- ES7210_3 send data that sampled by itself to ES7210_2;
- ES7210_2 send data that sampled by itself to ES7210_1, store the data sent from ES7210_3;
- ES7210_1 send data that sampled by itself to ES7210_0, store the data sent from ES7210_2;
- ES7210_0 send data that sampled by itself to ESP, store the data sent from ES7210_1;
2. Second 4 channels of the 16 channels:
- ES7210_2 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_3) to ES7210_1;
- ES7210_1 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_2) to ES7210_0, and store the data from ES7210_2 (i.e., sampled by ES7210_3);
- ES7210_0 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_1) to ESP, and store the data sent from ES7210_1 (i.e., sampled by ES7210_2);
3. Third 4 channels of the 16 channels:
- ES7210_1 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_3) to ES7210_0;
- ES7210_0 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_2) to ESP, and store the data from ES7210_1 (i.e., sampled by ES7210_3);
4. Last 4 channels of the 16 channels:
- ES7210_0 send the stored data (i.e., sampled by ES7210_3) to ESP;
## Troubleshooting
For any technical queries, please open an [issue](https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/issues) on GitHub. We will get back to you soon.